1. AC sensors detect environmental factors like temperature, humidity, and pressure. Common types include thermistors for temperature and capacitive or resistive sensors for humidity. 2. They convert this data into electrical signals, usually voltage or current, which can be read by the AC system. 3. These sensors provide real-time data, enabling the air conditioning unit to adjust settings such as fan speed and compressor operation for optimal comfort and efficiency. 4. In advanced systems, AC sensors can detect malfunctions, such as overheating, and trigger maintenance or shutdown procedures to prevent damage.